- The Turing Machine: This theoretical machine, invented by Alan Turing in 1936, is considered the foundation of modern computing and the concept of the universal machine.
- The Electronic Computer: The first electronic computer, the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), was invented in 1945, and it marked the beginning of the era of electronic computing.
- The Transistor: Invented in 1947, the transistor revolutionized the computer industry by replacing vacuum tubes and greatly reducing the size and power consumption of computers.
- The UNIX Operating System: Invented in 1969, UNIX is a multi-user, multitasking operating system that laid the foundation for modern operating systems, such as Linux and macOS.
- The C Programming Language: Developed in 1972, C is a general-purpose programming language that is widely used for system programming and has been influential in the development of many other programming languages.
- The Personal Computer: The invention of the personal computer in the 1970s, popularized by companies such as Apple and IBM, made computing accessible to individuals and small businesses for the first time.
- The Internet: The invention of the Internet in the 1970s revolutionized the way we communicate, share information, and access knowledge, and it has greatly impacted the way we live and work.
- The World Wide Web: Invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989, the World Wide Web made it easy for users to access and share information over the Internet.
- The Python Programming Language: Created in 1989, Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language that is widely used for web development, scientific computing, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and more.
- The Git: Created in 2005, Git is a distributed version control system that is widely used for software development and collaboration.
Please note that this list is not exhaustive, and other inventions such as the assembly languages, Object oriented programming, functional programming, and many other might be considered as well.